Geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping top results of your surfing geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping start download portable document format pdf and ebooks electronic books free online rating news 20162017 is books that can provide inspiration, insight, knowledge to the reader. At first, both a raise and a network of tunnels are made. Sublevel caving article about sublevel caving by the. It is preferable to find rope that actually stretches less than 2% for srt work. Unesco block caving up to 160,000 tpd more detailed. Thus sublevel caving is usually used to mine lowgrade, lowvalue orebodies. Sublevel caving article about sublevel caving by the free. What is the difference between sublevel stopping and sublevel. The australian centre for geomechanics looks forward to hosting the fourth international symposium on block and sublevel caving in vancouver in septemberoctober 2018. The method functions on the principle that ore is fragmented by blasting, while the overlying host rock fractures and caves under the action of mine induced stresses and gravity bull and page, 2000. Jun 25, 2010 sublevel caving is usually carried out when mining of the orebody through an open pit method is no longer economically feasible. Exceptions include free gold particles, because of the great disparity in. Block gravity caving is a bulk underground mining method, which allows large lowgrade deposits to be mined underground.
Block caving is an underground hard rock mining method that involves undermining an ore body, allowing it to progressively collapse under its own weight. So this tool was designed for free download documents from the. It follows the same basic principles as the block caving mining method, but the caves are smaller in size and not as long lasting. Prediction of the caved rock zones scope induced by caving mining. Sublevel caving technique by partha d sharma issuu. This material is intended for use in lectures, presentations and as handouts to students, and is provided in power point format so as to allow customization for the individual needs of course instructors. The method is flexible, has rapid effect and integrates advantages of a nonpillar sublevel caving method and a sublevel room stoping method, and a new process is provided for recycling mediumstable and mediumthick ore bodies.
Longwall longwall in coal longwall in hard rock sublevel caving characteristics of the ore body and. It is a caving method particularly well adapted to relatively flatlying, thin. Geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping download. Rock blasting in underground mining pdf free download. Jul 04, 2017 for sublevel stoping the ore body and walls should be strong enough to support open stoping. Draw control strategy for sublevel caving mines simple search. Block caving is a new alternative method of developing new mines or.
Block caving geomechanics top results of your surfing block caving geomechanics start download portable document format pdf and ebooks electronic books free online rating news 20162017 is books that can provide inspiration, insight, knowledge to the reader. Download geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping pdf ebook. Download this document for allgemeine bergbaukunde 4 planungsseminar a at rwth aachen for free and find more useful study materials for your cou. It is a largescale mining method suitable for large ore bodies with a steep dip and a rock mass with a host rock in the hanging wall will fracture under controlled conditions. Block caving is a new alternative method of developing new mines or extending the operation of open pits. Depth of bulk solids and the lateral pressure with the dipping angle of 90. Simulation of the rock caving process using a meshfree method. A special thank you to my fellow cavers for their hard work and dedication. Draw point yield is the maximum productivity of a draw point in the free flow state. Mining now proceeds underground, underneath the open pit. This method is unlike sublevel caving, in that both the ore and the rock are normally involved in the caving. Longwall and caving methods are distinguished from other mining methods by the fact that the nearfield rock undergoes large displacements so that mined voids become selffilling. This report is advocated towards a layman in block caving in view of getting an impression about the block cave mining method. In block caving, a large section of rock is undercut, creating an artificial cavern that fills with its own rubble as it collapses.
Sublevel caving mining method newtrax technologies inc. This method involves undermining the orebody to make it collapse under its own weight into a series of chambers from which the ore extracted. Underground mining methods are usually employed when the depth of the deposit andor the waste to ore ratio stripping ratio are. We speak with fidelis suorineni from the nazarbayev university school of mining and geosciences about the use and potential of the block. Caving mining method has been widely used in metal mines around the world.
Ebook geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping as pdf. Sublevel caving slc is an underground mass mining method used for extracting different types of. The question whether sublevel caving is practicable even at greater depths below ground level has often been discussed. An underground mining method used in large, steeply dipping orebodies where the wall rock is of an incompetent nature. Block caving is largescale mining method that allows for huge volumes of rock to be extracted efficiently.
Empirical investigation and characterization of surface. Block caving instead of open lulea university of technology. Gravity flow of blasted ore and caved waste in sublevel caving is a process more complicated than that which is used in bin flow. For sublevel stoping the ore body and walls should be strong enough to support open stoping. Sublevel caving is usually carried out when mining of the orebody through an open pit method is no longer economically feasible. Caving underground mining methods longwall, sublevel caving. Sufficient knowledge of the mineral deposit, mining technology, processing methods, and. Cn1693662a improved sublevel caving method without. It is the best video for understanding how to do sublevel stoping mining method. Failure of hanging roofs in sublevel caving by shock. Industrial research and development in geophysical methods of mineral. This method is particularly suitable for lowgrade minerals or with disseminated mineralization. Numerical modelling for blastinduced fragmentation in.
Sublevel caving pdf search engine, free search, pdf download. Download block caving geomechanics s free in pdf format. In this method, the ore is excavated in open stopes, retreating from one end of the stope toward the other. The second section describes underground mining equipment, with particular focus on excavation machinery such as boomheaders, coal cutters, continuous miners and shearers.
Sublevel caving and block caving underground mining methods. Hustulid, editor society of mining engineers 1982 1794 pages. As in sublevel caving, the caving proceeds in a columnar fashion to the surface. This is the fourth and completely revised edition of my original booklet, a guide to responsible caving. In order to solve the problem of low production capacity and poor safety conditions of sublevel caving mining at the. Australian centre for geomechanics conference paper. However, the principles in sublevel caving blasting are applicable to other underground mining methods. The results of the field test demonstrated that the prediction method. Background the pebble mine, a proposed project in remote southwest alaska, would be one of the largest coppergoldmolybdenum mines in the world. However, the development time before production starts is longer compared to other mining methods. Download block caving geomechanics erickson motors. Training in the use and maintenance of caving equipment including ropes, carabiners, slings, helmets, headlamps, etc. This method owes the first part of its name to the fact that work is carried out on many intermediate levels that is, sublevels between the main levels.
Previous caving experience to understand caving techniques, safety considerations, and equipment use. Pebble west will likely be mined by open pit methods but pebble east ore is too deep to mine economically as an open pit. Sublevel caving is one of many different methods for underground hard rock mining. Cn105822307a underhand sublevel open stoping method. Block and panel caving block caving is an underground mining method that uses gravity to exploit.
What is the difference between sublevel stopping and. Download geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping pdf. The first comprehensive work on one of the most important underground mining methods worldwide, geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping presents topics according to the conventional sublevel stoping process used by most mining houses, in which a sublevel stoping geometry is chosen for a partic. Block caving mining method 101 newtrax technologies inc. The advantages for simulating caving processes using a mesh free numerical framework are highlighted. Create a free account and view content that fits your specific interests in. This paper proposes a method to establish design parameters for an inclined deposit within a weak rock mass and evaluates its effectiveness through a case study. Sublevel stoping mining method black diamond drilling services australia pty ltd. The principle of longwall top coal caving ltcc duration.
A guide to responsible caving indiana university bloomington. It generally has a high breaking strength coupled with a good abrasion resistance. Rock blasting in sublevel caving deals with drilling plan, charging plan, quantity of rings in each blast, back break, brow damage, and misfires. Sublevel caving technique free download as pdf file. Methods of mining include stoping, caving, and various methods of working large deposits which, in addition to the method of actually breaking the ore, require elaborate and definite plans of, development of the orebody. A few swedish metalliferous mines operate sublevel caving already today at depths of over 700 m below ground level. Because of the high costs associated with supported and unsupported mining methods, open stoping with caving methods is used whenever feasible.
Geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping crc press book. Block caving is a gravitybased underground mining method that involves breaking up the rock mass located at depth into pieces. Symposium chair the growing popularity of caving methods around the world is largely due to the very low production cost and. Experience will bear out the brands that fall within the 2% stretch parameter. Mar 22, 2007 a method of underground mining operation.
Click download or read online button to get geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping book now. Interaction between block caving and rock slope deformation. How much is the download block of the exact reforms of the section. Even though block caving mining method is already the most economical underground mining method for large massive ore bodies, it requires. By drawing rock from the extraction level in the lower part of the mine, a gap is created. Underground mining methods presents the latest principles and techniques in use today. Both theoretical and practical points of view indicate a positive answer. Sublevel caving can be used in orebodies with very different properties and is an easy method to mechanize. Traditional mining methods for hangingwall orebody include surface mining and backfill stoping method such as that in the fenghuangshan iron mine of china and the kidd creek zinccopper mine of canada, the sublevel caving method such as that in the yeshan iron mine and the longshou mine of china, and the sublevel open stoping and caving mining method such as that used by liu et al. Design and operational issues for increasing sublevel cave. Classification of underground mining methods mineral production in which all extracting operations are conducted beneath the ground surface is termed underground mining. If youre looking for a free download links of geotechnical design for sublevel open stoping pdf, epub, docx and torrent then this site is not for you.
Hanging roofs or high hangups, a common problem in sublevel caving mining, usually result in a large ore loss and undermine mining safety. Caving underground mining methods longwall, sublevel. The goal of induction inbreak area blasting coal winning is to collapse the support between. Fourth international symposium on block and sublevel caving second half of date to e advised vancouver, canada jarek jakubec corporate consultant srk consulting canada inc. The second half of the name derives from the caving of the hanging wall and. Sublevel caving sublevel caving is usually carried out when mining of the orebody through an open pit method is no longer economically feasible. As caving has proven to be a safe and effective mining method, its popularity has increased around the world. Generally, sublevel caving method employs use of fan drilling using long and smalldiameter holes, between sublevels or. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. In most of the sublevel caving system blasting parameters dominate in association with recovery when compared to drawpoint and geological parameters. The result is massive subsidence, accompanied by the exceptionally high production rate and great areal extent characteristic of block caving. Block caving is an underground mining method applicable to the extraction of lowgrade, massive ore bodies with the following characteristics. Optimum sublevel height and drift spacing in sublevel cave. This method of mining is quicker to bring into production than block caving, as the related infrastructure does not require the level of.
This invention discloses a modified sublevel caving method without bottom column, it includes substoping, drilling in route, blasting and ore output. Advantages of sublevel caving selective mining of weak medium strength ore bodies in weak rock. The mechanics and design of sublevel caving system. Sublevel caving slc is a mass mining method based upon the utilization of gravity flow of blasted ore and caved waste rock kvapil, 1998. In order to solve the problem of low production capacity and poor safety conditions of sublevel caving mining at the yingfangzi. Parallel drives are developed in the ore on equally spaced levels. This paper analyzed the formation of a hanging roof and showed that increased confining pressure and reduced free surface were its main characteristics. By 2005, underground development had commenced with plans to mine the a154 and a418 pipes using backfill methods. Block caving is increasingly being favored as a mining method for maximizing. The essential geomechanical features of longwall and caving methods of mining were outlined in chapter 12. Weak rock mass and poor flow of material can cause excessive ore loss and dilution in sublevel caving.
In this paper, an application of a mesh free method, called smoothed particle hydrodynamics sph, is demonstrated for simulating rock caving in a stratified deposit. Distinctelement method, block caving, pit slope interaction, numerical modelling, slope deformation kinematics, rock slope instability this paper is part of a special issue on block caving introduction with the increasing global demand for mineral resources, underground mass mining methods like block. Ebook block caving geomechanics as pdf download portable. This method is normally used in massive, steeplydipping orebodies with considerable strike length, and usually has a high amount of dilution and low recoveries.
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